Gas to liquid technology (GTL) is a refinery process that converts syn-gas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen) into long chain hydrocarbons like gasoline and diesel. Fischer-Tropsch process is a key component of gas to liquid technology. As an commercial example, the world largest GTL plant was commissioned in Qatar (known as World gas capital) in consultation with Pearl GTL and Qatar petroleum. Gas to liquid technology is an emerging technology to unlock the abundant natural gas resources. GTL holds as the future of energy and provides a new platform to the world energy industries.

Mari Gas Field was originally owned by Pakistan Stanvac Petroleum Project, a joint venture formed in 1954 between Government of Pakistan and M/s Esso Eastern Incorporated, having 49% and 51% ownership interest, respectively. The first gas discovery was made by the Joint Venture in 1957 when the first well in lower Kirthar 'Zone-B' Limestone Formation was drilled. Production from the field started in 1967. Pakistan meets about 18% of its oil demand from local sources. Local gas production is 4 billion cubic feet per day (bcfd) and the oil production is 37,000 barrels against the demand of 9-10 bcfd of gas and 77,000 bpd of oil. Without a doubt, there is an excess demand situation, which will remain so in the future. Additionally government is also considering different options of import of gas from Turkmenistan & Qatar and import of LNG to cope with the increase in demand. Most of the relevant information about the economic environment is considered with in the framework of a country risk review to help identify business opportunities and strategies.

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries is a cartel of twelve countries made up of Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. OPEC has maintained its headquarters in Vienna since 1965, and hosts regular meetings among the oil ministers of its Member Countries. Indonesia withdrew its membership in OPEC in 2008 after it became a net importer of oil, but stated it would likely return if it became a net exporter in the world again.

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online.Qatar Petroleum (QP) is a state owned petroleum company in Qatar. The company operates all oil and gas activities in Qatar, including exploration, production, refining, transport, and storage. QP''s Chairman Abdullah Bin Hamad Al-Attiyah, is also the head of the Ministry of Energy and Industry and, as of April 2007, the Deputy Prime Minister of Qatar. QP s operations are therefore directly linked with state planning agencies, regulatory authorities, and policymaking bodies. Together, revenues from oil and natural gas amount to 60% of the country s GDP. Currently it is the third largest oil company in the world by oil and gas reserves.

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Qatalum is 50-50 joint venture Aluminum smelter Project between Qatar Petroleum and Norsk Hydro. It will be the largest aluminum plant ever launched. It is located in Mesaieed, Qatar. It will have a capacity in the first phase of 585,000 tonnes of primary aluminum, all to be shipped as value added aluminum casthouse products. A 1350 MW natural gas power plant will also be built to ensure a stable supply of electricity. The project was officially launched 12 April 2010, in Qatar by the Qatari Emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani and the Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway. Aluminium smelting is the process of extracting aluminium from its oxide alumina, generally by the Hall-Héroult process. Alumina is extracted from the ore Bauxite by means of the Bayer process at an alumina refinery. This is an electrolytic process, so an aluminium smelter uses prodigious amounts of electricity, they tend to be located very close to large power stations, often hydro-electric ones, and near ports since almost all of them use imported alumina.

With the economic growth post - financial slowdown, the industrial expansion has augmented the energy demand, raising the ambitions and goal of the developing societies. The oil firms, specifically Indian have been growing but with mixed results, where the future energy relations between India and the Middle East & Africa are going to be significantly influenced by its performance. The book analyzes the performance of the Indian oil firm with the help of a SWOT analysis. India enjoys historical and civilizational linkages with the region which indeed provides a source of strength, but the legacy as a baggage also acts as a cause of weakness. Indian oil firms are trying to act together, to increase their leverage. In order to leverage India's buying power, Indian oil firms as well as multinational corporations such as British Petroleum, ExxonMobil, British Gas and Sodeco of Japan have teamed up together in overseas projects. The volume does a micro - study of Indian NOCs strategy and its performance towards acquiring overseas assets in Qatar, Nigeria, Sudan, Libya and Angola.

Iranian and Persian Gulf countries stock markets have similarities.Both are developing markets and low experienced. Besides,both of them are petroleum based markets.So organizational and managerial comparison between these markets helps markets not only increase strengths and opportunities but also decrease weaknesses and threats.The main purpose of this paper is to compare structural and managerial differences between Iranian and Persian Gulf (Saudi Arabia, United Arab of Emirates and Qatar)stock markets.The conceptual model is based on Mintzberg organizational structure which consists of five segments. These markets have similarities on supervision board, but have differences in other parts. In order to compare managerial differences between these markets we use SWOT analysis. We use managerial criterions in order to compare strengths and weaknesses between these markets.Besides we use relationship with international financial markets and experience of stock markets in order to compare threats and opportunities.

Economic and Social Development in Qatar analyses and discusses the economic and social development in Qatar since the country's emergence as a soveriegn State in 1971. Qatar is now a member of the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, the Arab League, the Non-aligned Gropu, the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), the Organisation of the Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC), and as such has a significant role to play in world affairs. The author provides a detailed and lucid introduction to the resources, policies and system of government which have brought about this rapid progress. Qatar has vast reserves of crude oil and natural gas which form the backbone of the economy, providing the main source of foreign exchange earnings which in turn is essential for teh continued importation of capital goods and services. Improvement in living conditions is a dominant feature of the development policy, which expenditure on education, public utilities, health care, improved housing, mass media and cultural facilities taking priority. Industrial development is directed at widening the productive base of the economy through the establishment of natural gase based and other manufacturing industries. This book documents the twin developments of economic and social advancement.